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LA Times / Freep - 22 Aug 2008

 
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Asellus



Joined: 05 Jun 2007
Posts: 865
Location: Sonoma County, CA, USA

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 9:33 am    Post subject: LA Times / Freep - 22 Aug 2008 Reply with quote

Code:
+-------+-------+-------+
| . . 5 | 2 . . | 6 . . |
| . 7 . | . . . | . . . |
| . 2 1 | 3 . . | 9 5 . |
+-------+-------+-------+
| . . 3 | . 1 . | 2 . . |
| . 9 . | . 6 . | . 3 . |
| . . 6 | . 9 . | 1 . . |
+-------+-------+-------+
| . 4 2 | . . 8 | 3 9 . |
| . . . | . . . | . 8 . |
| . . 8 | . . 1 | 7 . . |
+-------+-------+-------+

A more challenging puzzle this week.
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ravel



Joined: 21 Apr 2006
Posts: 536

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 9:53 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Again a multidigit deadly pattern can help a lot (one step solution).
A remark for those, who are not familiar with them: As Myth points out, whenever you have such a deadly pattern and you place one of the digits outside of it, the remaining pattern also is deadly.
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wapati



Joined: 10 Jun 2008
Posts: 472
Location: Brampton, Ontario, Canada.

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 5:08 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Interesting puzzle. I see two hidden URs that overlap in r6c4. They destroy each other so I look at both before eliminating.
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tlanglet



Joined: 17 Oct 2007
Posts: 2468
Location: Northern California Foothills

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 6:38 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I could not solve the MUG as a one step solution even after re-reading Myth's comments. However, after a x-wing, a w-wing and another x-wing, the MUG had only one cell with an extra candidate, r5c4, Setting that cell to the extra candidate broke the puzzle open.

Ted Smile
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ravel



Joined: 21 Apr 2006
Posts: 536

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 6:39 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

wapati wrote:
I see two hidden URs that overlap in r6c4. They destroy each other so I look at both before eliminating.
Code:
 *-----------------------------------------------------------*
 | 489   3     5     | 2     478   79    | 6     1     478   |
 | 4689  7     49    | 1     458   569   | 48    2     3     |
 | 468   2     1     | 3     478   67    | 9     5     478   |
 |-------------------+-------------------+-------------------|
 | 47   #58    3     |#4578  1     457   | 2     6     9     |
 | 1     9     47    |*4578  6     2     | 48    3    *458   |
 | 2    #58    6     |#458   9     3     | 1     7    *458   |
 |-------------------+-------------------+-------------------|
 | 57    4     2     | 6     57    8     | 3     9     1     |
 | 3     1     79    | 479   2     47    | 5     8     6     |
 | 59    6     8     | 59    3     1     | 7     4     2     |
 *-----------------------------------------------------------*

Hm, here i only see an elimination for one of them (r6c4<>5 because of the strong link for 8 in row 4).
There is a 6-cell DP 58 also (r46c2,r45c4,r56c9), but i cant get anything out of it (i tried it again after x-w-x-wing).
tlanglet wrote:
... after a x-wing, a w-wing and another x-wing, the MUG had only one cell with an extra candidate, r5c4 ...
Cant see this MUG either.
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ravel



Joined: 21 Apr 2006
Posts: 536

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 6:59 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Just not to be misunderstood. This MUG is not the best sample by Myth.
Code:
 .   abc . | .   abc . | .   abc .
 .   abc . | .   abc . | .   abc .
 .   abc . | .   abc . | .   abc .
-----------+-----------+-----------
As he says later, already 2 of the boxes constitute a deadly pattern.
And you could not place a, b or c in any cell outside this MUG, which sees one of the MUG cells, without making it invalid with 0 solutions.
But as he shows you can reduce the 2-box MUG
Code:
 .   abc . | .   abc . | .   .   .
 .   abc . | .   abc . | .   .   .
 .   abc . | .   abc . | .   .   .
-----------+-----------+-----------
to
Code:
 .   ab  . | .   ab  . | c   .   .
 .   ac  . | .   ac  . | .   b   .
 .   bc  . | .   bc  . | .   .   a
-----------+-----------+-----------
which also is deadly.
The MUG, i was talking above is this one:
Code:
 .   abc . | .   abc . | .   abc .
 .   abc . | .   abc . | .   abc .
 .   .   . | .   .   . | .   .   .
-----------+-----------+-----------
These 2 MUG's (or parts of them [Edit:] derived by placing a MUG digit outside) are the most common deadly multidigit patterns.

Last edited by ravel on Fri Aug 22, 2008 7:23 pm; edited 1 time in total
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tlanglet



Joined: 17 Oct 2007
Posts: 2468
Location: Northern California Foothills

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 7:19 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

ravel wrote:
Code:
 *-----------------------------------------------------------*
 | 489   3     5     | 2     478   79    | 6     1     478   |
 | 4689  7     49    | 1     458   569   | 48    2     3     |
 | 468   2     1     | 3     478   67    | 9     5     478   |
 |-------------------+-------------------+-------------------|
 | 47   #58    3     |#4578  1     457   | 2     6     9     |
 | 1     9     47    |*4578  6     2     | 48    3    *458   |
 | 2    #58    6     |#458   9     3     | 1     7    *458   |
 |-------------------+-------------------+-------------------|
 | 57    4     2     | 6     57    8     | 3     9     1     |
 | 3     1     79    | 479   2     47    | 5     8     6     |
 | 59    6     8     | 59    3     1     | 7     4     2     |
 *-----------------------------------------------------------*

Hm, here i only see an elimination for one of them (r6c4<>5 because of the strong link for 8 in row 4).
There is a 6-cell DP 58 also (r46c2,r45c4,r56c9), but i cant get anything out of it (i tried it again after x-w-x-wing).
tlanglet wrote:
... after a x-wing, a w-wing and another x-wing, the MUG had only one cell with an extra candidate, r5c4 ...
Cant see this MUG either.


After failing to immediately solve the <458> MUG, I found three steps as follows:
1. A x-wing on <4> in r25c37 eliminated four <4s> including two involved in the MUG: r2c15 & r5c49
2. A w-wing on <47>, r5c1 and r8c6 with strong link on <7> in col3 that deleted another <4> at r4c6 which is also involved in the MUG.
3, A x-wing on <7> in r58c34 deleting <7> from r5c4; another MUG cell.

At this point, all the MUG cells contained only <458> except r5c4 which contained an addition <7>. I now viewed the MUG like a Type 1 UR to solve the puzzle: r5c4=7.

I can only hope my reasoning is valid.

Ted
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ravel



Joined: 21 Apr 2006
Posts: 536

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 7:22 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Posts crossed Smile
The 458's dont form a MUG.
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tlanglet



Joined: 17 Oct 2007
Posts: 2468
Location: Northern California Foothills

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 8:18 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

ravel wrote:
Posts crossed Smile
The 458's dont form a MUG.


I need to review the definition for a MUG!

Ted
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Asellus



Joined: 05 Jun 2007
Posts: 865
Location: Sonoma County, CA, USA

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 8:24 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

If I understand ravel's MUG correctly, it eliminates a bunch of <7>s and is a nice find.

This puzzle is a good one for practicing basic Medusa coloring (no "extentions" or multi-coloring required). Start with the bivalues in column 3. After a few "traps" or so the puzzle falls apart. Or, if you first apply the <4> X-Wing, basic Medusa leads quickly to a "wrap."
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Earl



Joined: 30 May 2007
Posts: 677
Location: Victoria, KS

PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2008 8:57 pm    Post subject: LA Times Reply with quote

After the x-wing (4), an xy-chain eliminates the 4 in R2C3 and solves the puzzle. Testimony to the quick brute force of xy-chains.


Earl
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Marty R.



Joined: 12 Feb 2006
Posts: 5770
Location: Rochester, NY, USA

PostPosted: Sat Aug 23, 2008 1:29 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

I used a hidden UR on 58, three ERs, X-Wing on 4, Finned XY-Wing on 794 (just a forcing chain with a fancy name), then the actual 794 XY-Wing with pincer coloring finished it. Medusa looked like a good possibility but I just decided on the Finned deal instead because I'm too Medusa-dependent.
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wapati



Joined: 10 Jun 2008
Posts: 472
Location: Brampton, Ontario, Canada.

PostPosted: Sat Aug 23, 2008 4:43 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

wapati wrote:
Interesting puzzle. I see two hidden URs that overlap in r6c4. They destroy each other so I look at both before eliminating.


OK, there was an x-wing also, before the hidden URs.

Code:
.------------------.------------------.------------------.
| 489   3     5    | 2     478   79   | 6     1     478  |
| 689   7    *49   | 1     58    569  |*48    2     3    |
| 468   2     1    | 3     478   67   | 9     5     478  |
:------------------+------------------+------------------:
| 47    58    3    | 4578  1     457  | 2     6     9    |
| 1     9    *47   | 578   6     2    |*48    3     58-4  |
| 2     58    6    | 458   9     3    | 1     7     458  |
:------------------+------------------+------------------:
| 57    4     2    | 6     57    8    | 3     9     1    |
| 3     1     79   | 479   2     47   | 5     8     6    |
| 59    6     8    | 59    3     1    | 7     4     2    |
'------------------'------------------'------------------'
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Kdelle



Joined: 20 Mar 2008
Posts: 59
Location: Hudson, NH

PostPosted: Sat Aug 23, 2008 2:20 pm    Post subject: Re: LA Times Reply with quote

Earl wrote:
After the x-wing (4), an xy-chain eliminates the 4 in R2C3 and solves the puzzle. Testimony to the quick brute force of xy-chains.


Earl


Earl,

Could you help me to see the xy-chain, please? I'm blind this morning.

Kathy
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ravel



Joined: 21 Apr 2006
Posts: 536

PostPosted: Sat Aug 23, 2008 8:43 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

The shortest i could find (7 cells):
Code:
 *-----------------------------------------------------------*
 | 489   3     5     | 2     478   79    | 6     1     478   |
 | 689   7    -49    | 1    #58    569   |#48    2     3     |
 | 468   2     1     | 3     478   67    | 9     5     478   |
 |-------------------+-------------------+-------------------|
 | 47    58    3     | 4578  1     457   | 2     6     9     |
 | 1     9    #47    | 578   6     2     | 48    3     58    |
 | 2     58    6     | 458   9     3     | 1     7     458   |
 |-------------------+-------------------+-------------------|
 |#57    4     2     | 6    #57    8     | 3     9     1     |
 | 3     1    #79    | 479   2     47    | 5     8     6     |
 |#59    6     8     | 59    3     1     | 7     4     2     |
 *-----------------------------------------------------------*
Btw the deadly pattern are the 48-478-478 in rows 1 and 3. Since only the 7's in r13c6 are elsewhere in these rows, one of them must be true and 7 can be eliminated from r48c6.
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tlanglet



Joined: 17 Oct 2007
Posts: 2468
Location: Northern California Foothills

PostPosted: Sun Aug 24, 2008 1:26 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

ravel wrote:

The 458's dont form a MUG.


Ravel, I believe I now understand why the <458s> do not form a MUG. At least one reason is that each candidate does not have two occurrences in each row and column. Thanks for you comment.

However, I still do not follow your deletions of <7s>. I do not understand why the extra candidates in column 1 would not prevent the DP even if a <7> should occur in column 5 of box 2. The only strong links I see with the MUG are on <4> in column 5 and on <7> in column 9 but I can't reason out why a <7> must be in column 6.

Ted
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daj95376



Joined: 23 Aug 2008
Posts: 3854

PostPosted: Sun Aug 24, 2008 12:40 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

ravel wrote:
Btw the deadly pattern are the 48-478-478 in rows 1 and 3. Since only the 7's in r13c6 are elsewhere in these rows, one of them must be true and 7 can be eliminated from r48c6.

I have a basic understanding of URs and a minimal understanding of DPs and MUGs. However, when I look at the (*) cells being discussed, I see [r1c1]=9 or [r3c1]=6.

Code:
 +--------------------------------------------------------------+
 | *489   3     5     |  2    *478   79    |  6     1    *478   |
 |  689   7     49    |  1     58    569   |  48    2     3     |
 | *468   2     1     |  3    *478   67    |  9     5    *478   |
 |--------------------+--------------------+--------------------|
 |  47    58    3     |  4578  1     457   |  2     6     9     |
 |  1     9     47    |  578   6     2     |  48    3     58    |
 |  2     58    6     |  458   9     3     |  1     7     458   |
 |--------------------+--------------------+--------------------|
 |  57    4     2     |  6     57    8     |  3     9     1     |
 |  3     1     79    |  479   2     47    |  5     8     6     |
 |  59    6     8     |  59    3     1     |  7     4     2     |
 +--------------------------------------------------------------+

     [r1c1]=9 => [r1c6]=7
   /                      \
DP                          equivalent to ravel's assertion
   \                      /
     [r3c1]=6 => [r3c6]=7

Personally, I prefer a simple XY-Chain. But, I understand how the MUG is more challenging.

Code:
 XY-Chain (a-e)
 +--------------------------------------------------------------+
 |  489   3     5     |  2     478   79    |  6     1     478   |
 |  689   7    c49    |  1    a58    569   | b48    2     3     |
 |  468   2     1     |  3     478   67    |  9     5     478   |
 |--------------------+--------------------+--------------------|
 |  47    58    3     |  4578  1     457   |  2     6     9     |
 |  1     9     47    |  578   6     2     |  48    3     58    |
 |  2     58    6     |  458   9     3     |  1     7     458   |
 |--------------------+--------------------+--------------------|
 | e57    4     2     |  6     7-5   8     |  3     9     1     |
 |  3     1    d79    |  479   2     47    |  5     8     6     |
 |  59    6     8     |  59    3     1     |  7     4     2     |
 +--------------------------------------------------------------+
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ravel



Joined: 21 Apr 2006
Posts: 536

PostPosted: Mon Aug 25, 2008 8:59 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

There are several ways use deadly patterns.

The most common way is to look at the extra candidates (like in URs type 1, 2 and 3). One of them must be true, otherwise you are left with the DP, which means, that the puzzle has no or multiple solutions.
If this does not lead to an elimination directly, you also can try to "transport" them to find one, just like with double or multiple forcing chains. This is, what Danny showed above. Both extra candidates lead to a 7 in column 6 of box 2. Or you can use this relationship in longer chains or AIC's, e.g. 2 extra candidates mean a strong link between the digits - here (9)r1c1=(6)r3c1. This gives an AIC (7=9)r1c6-(9)r1c1=(6)r3c1-(6=7)r3c6 with the same result, that one of r13c6 must be 7.

Then you can look at strong links of DP digits (like in URs type 4 and 6 or "hidden" URs). If placing a digit would force a deadly solution pattern (like 1-2-1-2 in UR cells) because of these strong links, you can eliminate it. This is generally true (not restricted to strong links and DP digits).

Another way is to use the fact, that a deadly pattern can only be destroyed, if at least one of the DP digits is outside in the DP units. E.g. you can look at a UR type 4 like this:
Code:
 .  12x . | 2  .  12y | 2  .  2
 .  .   . | .  .  .   | .  .  .
 .  12  . | .  .  12  | .  .  .

If this are all occurences of 1 and 2 in rows 13, we have a strong link for 1 in row 1 and can eliminate 2 from r1c26.
Now we also know, that in rows 13 one of 1 or 2 must be somewhere else, because otherwise we have another pair 12 in row 1 and the deadly pattern. So in this case one of r1c479 must be true (and r1c26<>2).
The same is true for the 2 columns and the 2 boxes. At least one of 1 and 2 must be outside (of the DP) in them.

In the puzzle above one of 478 must be outside the DP in rows 1 and 3. There are only the 7's in r13c6.
If you look at the columns, only the 8 in r2c1 or the 4 in r4c1 could destroy the multidigit DP. (In columns 5 and 9 you would need 2 of the digits outside, which is not possible).
From the boxes you can get r2c1=8 or r2c3=4.


Often different ways to use a DP are equivalent or at least lead to the same eliminations like here. But in some cases only one is successful.
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